Texas - Wikipedia. State of Texas. Nickname(s): The Lone Star State. Motto(s): Friendship. State song(s): . Senators. ![]() John Cornyn (R)Ted Cruz (R)U. S. House delegation. Republicans,1. 1 Democrats (list)Time zones . Geographically located in the South Central region of the country, Texas shares borders with the U. S. Dallas–Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country, respectively. Other major cities include Austin, the second most populous state capital in the U. S., and El Paso. Texas is nicknamed . Southern and Southwestern regions. Texas is the second largest U.S. Though 10% larger than France and almost twice as large as. Almost every big-ticket item you buy for the child—a high chair, a swing, a stroller, a car seat—will come with horrible warnings about the ghastly ways the child. Traveling from east to west, one can observe terrain that ranges from coastal swamps and piney woods, to rolling plains and rugged hills, and finally the desert and mountains of the Big Bend. The term . Spain was the first European country to claim the area of Texas. France held a short- lived colony. Mexico controlled the territory until 1. Texas won its independence, becoming an independent Republic. The state's annexation set off a chain of events that led to the Mexican–American War in 1. During the 2017 Regular Session of the Louisiana Legislature, the Childcare Association of Louisiana tracked, monitored and advocated a position on more than 25. World Pacific ST-1011. We provide excellent essay writing service 24/7. Enjoy proficient essay writing and custom writing services provided by professional academic writers. A slave state before the American Civil War, Texas declared its secession from the U. S. After the Civil War and the restoration of its representation in the federal government, Texas entered a long period of economic stagnation. Historically four major industries shaped the Texas economy prior to World War II: cattle and bison, cotton, timber, and oil. Civil War the cattle industry, which Texas came to dominate, was a major economic driver for the state, thus creating the traditional image of the Texas cowboy. In the later 1. 9th century cotton and lumber grew to be major industries as the cattle industry became less lucrative. It was ultimately, though, the discovery of major petroleum deposits (Spindletop in particular) that initiated an economic boom which became the driving force behind the economy for much of the 2. With strong investments in universities, Texas developed a diversified economy and high tech industry in the mid- 2. As of 2. 01. 5, it is second on the list of the most Fortune 5. Texas has led the nation in export revenue since 2. Etymology. The name Texas, based on the Caddo wordtejas meaning . Though 1. 0% larger than France and almost twice as large as Germany or Japan, it ranks only 2. ![]() If it were an independent country, Texas would be the 4. Chile and Zambia. Texas is in the south central part of the United States of America. Three of its borders are defined by rivers. The Rio Grande forms a natural border with the Mexican states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo Le. The Red River forms a natural border with Oklahoma and Arkansas to the north. The Sabine River forms a natural border with Louisiana to the east. The Texas Panhandle has an eastern border with Oklahoma at 1. El Paso lies on the state's western tip at 3. Vegetation in this region consists of thick piney woods. The Interior Lowlands region consists of gently rolling to hilly forested land and is part of a larger pine- hardwood forest. The Great Plains region in central Texas is located in spans through the state's panhandle and Llano Estacado to the state's hill country near Austin. This region is dominated by prairie and steppe. The most varied of the regions, this area includes Sand Hills, the Stockton Plateau, desert valleys, wooded mountain slopes and desert grasslands. Texas has 3,7. 00 named streams and 1. Other major rivers include the Pecos, the Brazos, Colorado, and Red River. While Texas has few natural lakes, Texans have built over 1. The vast geographic, economic, and cultural diversity within the state itself prohibits easy categorization of the whole state into a recognized region of the United States. Notable extremes range from East Texas which is often considered an extension of the Deep South, to Far West Texas which is generally acknowledged to be part of the interior Southwest. The continental crust forms a stable Mesoproterozoiccraton which changes across a broad continental margin and transitional crust into true oceanic crust of the Gulf of Mexico. The oldest rocks in Texas date from the Mesoproterozoic and are about 1,6. These Precambrianigneous and metamorphic rocks underlie most of the state, and are exposed in three places: Llano uplift, Van Horn, and the Franklin Mountains, near El Paso. Sedimentary rocks overlay most of these ancient rocks. The oldest sediments were deposited on the flanks of a rifted continental margin, or passive margin that developed during Cambrian time. This margin existed until Laurasia and Gondwana collided in the Pennsylvanian subperiod to form Pangea. This is the buried crest of the Appalachian Mountains–Ouachita Mountains zone of Pennsylvanian continental collision. This orogenic crest is today buried beneath the Dallas–Waco—Austin–San Antonio trend. The late Paleozoic mountains collapsed as rifting in the Jurassic period began to open the Gulf of Mexico. Pangea began to break up in the Triassic, but seafloor spreading to form the Gulf of Mexico occurred only in the mid and late Jurassic. The shoreline shifted again to the eastern margin of the state and the Gulf of Mexico passive margin began to form. Today 9 to 1. 2 miles (1. Texas continental shelf and a large proportion of remaining US oil reserves are located here. At the start of its formation, the incipient Gulf of Mexico basin was restricted and seawater often evaporated completely to form thick evaporite deposits of Jurassic age. These salt deposits formed salt domediapirs, and are found in East Texas along the Gulf coast. The Mississippian and Pennsylvanian sediments in the north; Permian sediments in the west; and Cretaceous sediments in the east, along the Gulf coast and out on the Texas continental shelf contain oil. Oligocenevolcanic rocks are found in far west Texas in the Big Bend area. A blanket of Miocene sediments known as the Ogallala formation in the western high plains region is an important aquifer. It is the home to 6. United States—5. 90 native species in all. Texas is one of the regions that has the highest abundance of Polistes exclamans. During the Johnson Administration the first lady, Lady Bird Johnson, worked to draw attention to Texas wildflowers. Climate. K. The Panhandle of the state has colder winters than North Texas, while the Gulf Coast has mild winters. Texas has wide variations in precipitation patterns. El Paso, on the western end of the state, averages 8. Snow falls south of San Antonio or on the coast in rare circumstances only. Of note is the 2. Christmas Eve snowstorm, when 6 inches (1. Kingsville, where the average high temperature in December is 6. El Paso and Amarillo are exceptions with July and December respectively being the warmest and coldest months respectively, but with August and January only being narrowly different. Average daily maximum and minimum temperatures for selected cities in Texas. Tornado Alley covers the northern section of Texas. The state experiences the most tornadoes in the United States, an average of 1. These strike most frequently in North Texas and the Panhandle. A hurricane in 1. Indianola, followed by another hurricane in 1. These events allowed Galveston to take over as the chief port city. The 1. 90. 0 Galveston hurricane subsequently devastated that city, killing about 8,0. This makes it the deadliest natural disaster in U. S. As an independent nation, Texas would rank as the world's seventh- largest producer of greenhouse gases. Archaeologists have found that three major indigenous cultures lived in this territory, and reached their developmental peak before the first European contact. These were. Warlike tribes made life difficult and dangerous for Europeans through their attacks and resistance to the newcomers. In the same manner they kill deer, encircling them with fires, and they do it also to deprive the animals of pasture, compelling them to go for food where the Indians want. They have no other settlement or location than comes from traveling around with the cows. They kill all of these they wish, and tan the hides, with which they clothe themselves and make their tents, and they eat the flesh, sometimes even raw, and they also even drink the blood when thirsty. The tents they make are like field tents, and they set them up over some poles they have made for this purpose, which come together and are tied at the top, and when they go from one place to another they carry them on some dogs they have, of which they have many, and they load them with the tents and poles and other things, for the country is so level, as I said, that they can make use of these, because they carry the poles dragging along on the ground. The sun is what they worship most. Miscalculations by Ren. Approximate state area highlighted, northern areas indefinite. In 1. 69. 0 Spanish authorities, concerned that France posed competitive threat, constructed several missions in East Texas. It was one of New Spain's least populated provinces. By the end of the 1. Christianity. The boundary between New Spain and the United States was finally set at the Sabine River in 1. Texas and Louisiana. Several filibusters raised armies to invade the area west of the Sabine River. The first grant, to Moses Austin, was passed to his son Stephen F. Austin after his death. Austin's settlers, the Old Three Hundred, made places along the Brazos River in 1. In 1. 82. 5, Texas had about 3,5. Mexican descent. Early Texas settler David B. Edwards described his fellow Texans as being . Combined with United States' attempts to purchase Texas, Mexican authorities decided in 1. United States. Texians met at the Convention of 1. In early 1. 83. 5, wary Texians formed Committees of Correspondence and Safety. General Jos. News of the defeats sparked panic amongst Texas settlers. After electing interim officers, the Convention disbanded. The nationalist faction, led by Mirabeau B. Lamar, advocated the continued independence of Texas, the expulsion of the Native Americans, and the expansion of the Republic to the Pacific Ocean.
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